modifier La guerre civile sierra-léonaise se déroula du 23 mars 1991 au 18 janvier 2002 en Sierra Leone , un État d' Afrique de l'Ouest . Bai Sherbro was influential and powerful, so the British greatly feared him. 19 janv. After nine months in office, the junta was overthrown by the Nigerian-led ECOMOG forces, and the democratically elected government of president Kabbah was reinstated in February 1998. In 2014 an Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone began, which had widespread impact on the country,[64] including forcing Sierra Leone to declare a state of emergency. Sierra Leone is regarded as one of the most religiously tolerant countries in the world. [195][196] Yellow fever and malaria are endemic to Sierra Leone. Some of Sierra Leonean international footballers include Mohamed Kallon, Mohamed Bangura, Rodney Strasser, Kei Kamara, Ibrahim Teteh Bangura, Mustapha Dumbuya, Christian Caulker, Alhassan Bangura, Sheriff Suma, Osman Kakay, Mohamed Kamara, Umaru Bangura and Julius Gibrilla Woobay. This ended its 16 years of running the Colony. The country has a total 2area of 71,740 km , divided into a land area of 71,620 2km and water of 120 km2 Even during the Sierra Leonean Civil War people were never targeted because of their religion. [127] There is also potential for several new hydroelectric plants to be opened on the Sewa River, Pampana River, Seli River, Moa River, and Little Scarcies. In his first public broadcast to the nation following the 1996 coup, Brigadier Bio stated that his support for returning Sierra Leone to a democratically elected civilian government and his commitment to ending the civil war were his motivations for the coup. Sierra Leone's former president Ernest Bai Koroma is facing a corruption trial. The large majority of SLPP members backed Albert Margai over Karefa-Smart. As head of the armed forces, General Momoh had been very loyal to Stevens, who had appointed him to the position. Pour toutes vos demandes de visa, vous devrez vous adresser à l’ambassade de Sierra Leone de Belgique : 410, avenue de Tervuren B – 1150 Bruxelles. On 23 March 1967, a group of military officers in the Sierra Leone Army led by Brigadier General Andrew Juxon-Smith, overrode this action by a coup d'état; they seized control of the government, arresting Lansana, and suspending the constitution. The 64 remaining colonists established a second Granville Town.[28][29]. The coup plot led to the firing squad execution of seventeen soldiers in the Sierra Leone Army including Colonel Kahota M Dumbuya, Major Yayah Kanu and Sergeant Mohamed Lamin Bangura. Soon after Albert Margai was sworn in as Prime Minister, he dismissed several senior government officials who had served under his elder brother Milton's government, viewing them as a threat to his administration, including Karefa-Smart. [192] The establishment of the Coalition was concurrent with the declaration by the 72nd World Health Assembly that emergency care systems are essential to universal health coverage. Sierra Leone is home to about sixteen ethnic groups, each with its own language. The Susu and Yalunka are both descendants of migrants from Guinea; and they both are virtually all Muslims at over 99%. There is high unemployment, particularly among the youth and ex-combatants. Daron Acemoglu, Tristan Reed. This would imply that the identity of the person who named Sierra Leone is unknown. [136], After the contribution made by the Bangladesh UN Peacekeeping Force in the Sierra Leone Civil War under the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone, the government of Ahmad Tejan Kabbah declared Bengali an honorary official language in December 2002. Watch the video. Krio (derived from English and several indigenous African languages, and the language of the Sierra Leone Krio people) is the most widely spoken language in virtually all parts of Sierra Leone. At the beginning of the year 2020, UNDP launched the Country Programme for Sierra Leone. Principled leadership is required in all spheres of government… Israel grants scholarships to Sierra Leone students as part of its international development cooperation program. The APC named a new presidential candidate to succeed Stevens at its last delegate conference, held in Freetown in November 1985. The Lungi International Airport located in the coastal town of Lungi in Northern Sierra Leone is the primary airport for domestic and international travel to or from Sierra Leone. In response, the NPRC hired several hundred mercenaries from the private firm Executive Outcomes. [155] The United Council of Imams, is a very influential Islamic religious body in Sierra Leone, that is made up of all imams of mosques throughout Sierra Leone. The president of the United Council of Imam is Sheikh Alhaji Muhammad Habib Sheriff. Based on 2015 estimates of the population of Sierra Leone, 77% of the population are Muslims, 22% are Christians, and 1% practise African traditional religion. Many Sierra Leonean youth, children and adults follow the major football leagues in Europe, particularly the English Premier League, Italian Serie A, Spanish La Liga, German Bundesliga and French Ligue 1. The country is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest.[70]. Poyo is a popular Sierra Leonean drink. [125] The use of coal and firewood has also posed environmental concerns as they are both conflict with the push for more sustainable sources energy. [52] He cancelled Juxon-Smith's construction of a church and mosque on the grounds of Victoria Park (since mid 2017 Freetown Amusement Park). http://www.sierra-leone.org/Heroes/heroes5.html. Ajisafe was apparently angry after a Zimbabwean Muslim cleric Mufti Menk had visited Sierra Leone and preached to large crowds. Il est situé entre la Guinée (au nord-ouest) et le Liberia et bordé au sud-ouest par l'océan Atlantique. http://www.sierra-leone.org/Heroes/heroes5.html. The president is elected by popular vote to a maximum of two five-year terms. It became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council in 2002. The first of these goals is to provide solar power to at least 50,000 homes in 2016, the second is 250,000 homes by 2017, and finally to provide power to 1,000,000 people by 2020. He was a close ally of Albert Margai, who had appointed him to the position in 1964. Citizens of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) do not require a visa to enter the country, but citizens of all other countries do. P… A small community of Orthodox Christians resides in the capital Freetown.[175]. Sierra Leone appears on the EU list of prohibited countries with regard to the certification of airlines. The soldiers immediately released Koroma from prison and installed him as their chairman and Head of State. The United Nations Country Team (UNCT) in Sierra Leone consists of all the 22 UN agencies, funds and programmes in Sierra Leone. One of the first ethnic groups to become educated according to Western traditions, they have traditionally been appointed to positions in the civil service, beginning during the colonial years. Ambassade de Sierra Leone à Bruxelles. Click on a coloured area to see an article about English in that country or region, Independence (1961) and Margai Administration (1961–1964), Kabbah's government and the end of civil war (2002–2014), Struggle with the Ebola epidemic (2014–2016). Sierra Leone has diplomatic relations that include China, Russia,[87] Libya, Iran, and Cuba. [51], Stevens assumed power again in 1968 with a great deal of hope and ambition. The current system of the Government of Sierra Leone is based on the 1991 Sierra Leone Constitution. [193] Between June and July 2019, the FRCSL trained 1,000 community members from Makeni to be first responders and equipped each trainee with a first aid kit. [226], In 2006, President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah committed to reforming the laws governing the press and media to create a freer system for journalists to work in. At the end of the 19th century, the industry went into decline, and when radio was introduced in the 1930s, it became the primary communication media in the country. Of the 12%, 10% was in the capital Freetown, and the remaining 90% of the country used 2% of the nation's electricity. [116] Agriculture accounted for 58 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2007. From March 23, 1991 to 2002, a group of former Sierra Leone soldiers launched a brutal civil war in a failed attempt to overthrow the Sierra Leone Government. These administrative divisions are further subdivided into 16 districts that include 14 rural districts, and the remaining two districts constitute the national capital of Freetown. [71] The country has four distinct geographical regions. [56] The situation has improved considerably since then with primary school enrolment doubling between 2001 and 2005 and the reconstruction of many schools since the end of the war. [211][212] In early August 2014 Guinea closed its borders to Sierra Leone to help contain the spreading of the virus, which originated in Guinea, as more new cases of the disease were being reported in Sierra Leone than in Guinea. Sierra Leone , officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, informally Salone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. 4 janv. While the district councils are under the oversight of their respective provincial administrations, the municipalities are directly overseen by the Ministry of Local Government & Community Development and thus administratively independent of district and provincial administrations. [133], English is the official language,[134] spoken at schools, government administration and in the media. Most of the proposals came from leaders of the Protectorate, whose population far outnumbered that in the colony. Black settlers in Sierra Leone enjoyed much more autonomy in that they were more politically engaged. Law enforcement in Sierra Leone is primarily the responsibility of the Sierra Leone Police (SLP), which is accountable to the Minister of Internal Affairs (appointed by the president). Some of these policies by the SLPP and the NRC were said to have left the country in an economically deprived state. Ce pays est formé de quatre régions différentes. Sierra Leone is the first African country to join the International Floorball Federation. In January 2002, President Kabbah officially announced the end of the civil war. But if a woman gets married, she will not be entitled as the head of the house any more. They resisted payment of taxes. Antagonism between the two entities escalated to a heated debate in 1947, when proposals were introduced to provide for a single political system for both the Colony and the Protectorate. The situation in the country deteriorated to such an extent that British troops were deployed in Operation Palliser, originally simply to evacuate foreign nationals. This means that no airline registered in Sierra Leone may operate services of any kind within the European Union. [33], On 1 January 1808, Thomas Ludlam, the Governor of the Sierra Leone Company and a leading abolitionist, surrendered the company's charter. Sierra Leone is officially a secular state. [169] Many Christian organisations in Sierra Leone, including the Council of Churches condemned Ajisafe's sermon against Islam and Muslims. The group also included some West Indians of African descent from London. A runoff election was held in September 2007, and Ernest Bai Koroma, the candidate of the main opposition APC, was elected president. Margai used his conservative ideology to lead Sierra Leone without much strife. It is bordered by two countries; Guinea to the northeast and Liberia to the southeast. Reconsider travel to Sierra Leone due to crime.Exercise increased caution in Sierra Leone due to COVID-19.. Read the Department of State’s COVID-19 page before you plan any international travel.. The monopoly was scheduled to last 98 years. According to Suzanne Schwartz, a historian on colonial Sierra Leone, in June 1808 a group of 21 men and women ran away to the nearby native settlement of Robiss and upon recapture were imprisoned by the settlers in Sierra Leone, thus contributing to the slavery-like qualities of the apprenticeship system.[36]. Accessed 28 October 2014. Odelay mask by Temne people. Les précipitations sont très abondantes, avec un niveau annuel qui atteint 3 810 mm en bordure de mer et reste important dans la partie intérieure septentrionale du pays (de … Only 20% of the urban population and 1% of the rural population had access to piped drinking water in their home. Sierra Leone's former Vice-President Alhaji Samuel Sam-Sumana is an ethnic Kono. [79] On paper, 55 protected areas covered 4.5% of Sierra Leone as of 2003. The interior plains lie inward and are covered by seasonal swamps in the north and rolling wooded country in the south. These Liberated Africans or recaptives were sold for $20 a head as apprentices to the white settlers, Nova Scotian Settlers, and the Jamaican Maroons. [219][220][221][222][223][224] Some subjects are seen as taboo by society and members of the political elite; imprisonment and violence have been used by the political establishment against journalists. The average temperature is 26 °C (78.8 °F) and varies from around 26 to 36 °C (78.8 to 96.8 °F) during the year. Sierra Leone has a tropical climate with a diverse environment ranging from savanna to rainforests, a total area of 71,740 km (27,699 sq mi) and a population of 7,092,113 as of the 2015 census. It has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup but participated in the 1994 and 1996 African Cup of Nations. Sierra Leone is a West African country with a population of just over 7 million. Brigadier General Bangura, who had reinstated Stevens as Prime Minister, was widely considered the only person who could control Stevens. Thomas Peters pressed British authorities for relief and more aid; together with British abolitionist John Clarkson, the Sierra Leone Company was established to relocate Black Loyalists who wanted to take their chances in West Africa. A general election was called later that year in which corruption was again endemic; the APC won 74 seats and the SLPP 15. [181] Not having the capital to start a new business is the biggest barrier for women. [125] The burning of these sources has been reported to have adverse health effects on women and children. [49] Although possessing the full backing of the country's security forces, he called for free and fair elections. Habitat degradation for the African wild dog, Lycaon pictus, has been increased, such that this canid is deemed to have been extirpated in Sierra Leone. Everyone needs a work permit. They predominate in the large town of Koindu and its surrounding areas in Kailahun District. Upon Milton Margai's unexpected death in 1964, his half-brother, Sir Albert Margai, was appointed as Prime Minister by parliament. [124] Previous to this compact agreement, Sierra Leone's private sector for solar energy was weak, as it provided energy to less than 5% of the target population. #3: Map Sierra Leone: Map Design: complete territory of state, Lambert Projection (equal area) Map Content: color-coded topography, shaded relief, country borders and capital Download-Versions: PDF - (DIN A4); [256 KB] JPG - (1598 x 1240 pxl) JPG - (3196 x 2480 pxl)
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